Description

Self-efficacy (Bandura, 1977) conceptualizes a person's perceived ability to perform on a task as a mediator of performance on future tasks. A change in the level of self-efficacy can predict a lasting change in behavior if there are adequate incentives and skills. The Abstinence Self-efficacy scale is a 20-item self-report measure that assesses an individual's confidence to abstain from substance use in a variety of different situations.  It is possible to obtain both an overall measure as well as situational self-efficacy based on subscale scores.

Target Population:
          Adults
Administrative Issues:
        Number of items:
                        20 items
                        9- item short version available
        Mode of administration:
                        Pencil and paper self-administered
        Time required to administer:
                        5-10 minutes
        Staff expertise required for administration:
                        None
        Training required for administration:
                        No training required for administration
Norms available:

Psychometrics:
          Reliability:

          Validity:
Copyright Information:
          Instrument is not copyrighted and available at no cost

Scoring

Abstinence Self-efficacy Scale – 20 item version
 
Subscale  Item #
Negative Affect  3, 5, 7, 8, 18, 19
Social / Positive 1, 4, 6, 9, 10, 16
Habitual / Craving 11, 13, 14, 15, 20

To obtain a mean overall Abstinence Self-efficacy or Temptation score, sum scores from all items and divide by 20.

To obtain mean scores for individual subscales, sum item scores for each subscale and divide by the number of items (6 for Negative Affect and Social Positive, and 5 for Habitual/Craving).

Abstinence Self-efficacy Scale – 9 item version
 
 
Subscale Item #
Negative Affect 3, 6, 9
Social / Positive 1, 4, 7
Habitual / Craving 2, 5, 8

To obtain a mean overall Abstinence Self-efficacy or Temptation score, sum scores from all items and divide by 9.

To obtain mean scores for individual subscales, sum item scores for each subscale and divide by the number of items (3).
 
 

References

    DiClemente, C. C.  (1986).  Self-Efficacy and the addictive behaviors.  Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 4, 302-315.

    DiClemente, C. C., Carbonari, J. P., Montgomery, R. P., & Hughes, S. O.  (1994).  The alcohol abstinence self-efficacy scale.  Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55, 141-148.

    DiClemente, C. C., Fairhurst, S. K., & Piotrowski, N. A.  (1995).  Self-Efficacy and addicitive behaviors.  In J. E. Maddux, ed., Self-Efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment:  Theory, research, and application (pp. 109-141).  New York: Plenum.

    Velicer, W.F., DiClemente, C.C., Rossi, J.S., & Prochaska, J.O. (1990).  Relapse situations and self-efficacy: An integrative model. Addictive
Behaviors, 15, 271-283.